見過ごされる発達障害:後篇

メンタル・イデア・ラボの本城ハルです。

後篇の今回は、前篇で見過ごされてきた子供達が大人になってどう感じたかを、成人発達障害当事者会にも出向き、聞き取り調査をしたことがあります。

  • 学校でも家でも叱られてばかりで、どこにも居場所がなかった。
  • もっと「こうすればいいんじゃない?」と(親に)一緒に考えてほしかった。
  • できないのは頑張りが足りないからだと責められて苦しかった。
  • 学校での弱音を吐きたかったのに「みんなそんなものだから」と聞いてもらえなくて寂しかった。
  • (親に)普通はできる、みんなできているのになぜアナタはできないの?と比べられてばかりで死にたくなった。
  • 普通は普通は、と親の基準で普通を押し付けられて、親の言う『普通』ができない自分はダメなんだ、価値がないと思って絶望した。
  • うまく関われないのはアナタが悪い、と言われ続けて辛かった。なぜ通級に行かせてくれなかったのか・・・

などなど、堰を切ったように苦しかった子供時代の話が出ました。

個別支援を受けても埋められない凸凹はあります。頑張ってもできないことがあるのがグレー、発達障害です。頑張る努力は必要ですが、頑張らせるだけ、頑張る努力だけを求めるのではなく、

“その子が生きやすく過ごしやすく力を発揮しやすい環境を整えたり工夫すること”を考えて、「こうしたら出来るようになった!」という小さな小さな成功体験を積ませていく、これが何よりも大切

なことです。

取り出した凸凹の一つはその子の個性だと考えますが、いくつも本人や周りに困り感がある中では「発達障害は個性」なんて耳障りの良い十把一絡げなことは言えません。

早期療育の必要性が叫ばれています。それは子供が成長し、いずれ社会に出る時のための“今できる支援”で、子供本人の生きづらさを薄めることに繋がります。

わざわざ胸を張って宣言する必要はありませんが、親が“障害”という言葉に引っ張られ、「障害があるなんて恥ずかしい」「誰にも言えない」などと思わないことです。遺伝もあると言われていますが、はっきりしたことはわかっていません。

発達障害は本人のせいではなく、もちろん親の育て方のせいでもありません。

“〇〇が(も)できない人”ではなく、“〇〇をするために⬜︎⬜︎という工夫やサポートがあると助かる人”と考えるのはどうでしょうか。

誰も目が悪い人に「頑張って見るように!」とは言いません。「眼鏡やコンタクトがあれば見やすくなるよ」です。それでも見づらければ前の席に。この“眼鏡やコンタクト”が工夫で、席を前にというのが個別支援や合理的配慮と同じです。

例えば『集中が途切れやすく興味があちこちに飛んで落ち着いて授業が受けられない』という場合、掲示物が目に入りやすい廊下側の席は避ける、校庭や外の様子が気になりやすい窓側の席は避ける、そして教卓に近い真ん中あたりにその子の席を配置することが考えらます。

掲示物を整理して貼る、これが先ほどの眼鏡やコンタクトのような“工夫”になり、前記の席の配置についてが個別支援や合理的配慮になります。

今は少しずつ本当に少しずつですが、自分なりに工夫しながら頑張っているので使用していませんが、書くことが苦手がある息子は小学校高学年〜中学校1年までは板書や連絡帳はデジカメとポメラを使用していました。

子供の得手不得手からくる学校での困り感に気付き、一緒に考えながら工夫してみる、これは実に良い親子コミュニケーションになります。

成人してからグレー、発達障害の診断を受ける人が増えています。学校生活や普段の生活では見えずらかった生きづらさが、社会に出て働き始めたことや、結婚し他者と生活を送るなど、環境の変化や生活スタイルの変化の中で顕在化するようになった、からです。

5月のコラムは、5日水曜日はゴールデンウィークのため休載し、10日月曜日から掲載します。

<運営会社:Jiyuuku Inc.

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